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THE OCTOBER WAR
Translations available in: English (original) | French | Spanish | Italian | German | Portuguese | Swedish | Russian | Dutch | Arabic

By Vijayakumar Ponnuswamy
Copenhagen, Denmark

The 290th day of the Gregorian calendar year 1973 marked one of the
most important turning points in the history of the twentieth
century. The world faced a sudden and an unpredicted interruption of
the supply of petroleum. The members of the Organization of Arab
Petroleum Exporting Countries [OAPEC] announced that they would no
longer ship petroleum to nations that had supported Israel in its
conflict war with Syria and Egypt, otherwise known as `The Yom Kippur
War´. During the war, the Arab world imposed an oil embargo against
the United States, Western Europe, and Japan for their support of
Israel. The OAPEC cut production of oil and placed an embargo on
shipments of crude oil to the West, with the United States and the
Netherlands, specifically targeted.

The effects had severely forced the west to redefine the word
'interdependence', especially on the terms of `dependence for fossil
fuels´. Researches on alternative energy sources, such as, wind and
solar energy, quickly attained importance. Years later, due to
substantial after-effects, the International Union for the
Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources, located at Switzerland,
published the World Conservation Strategy and coined a new term
"sustainable development."

The IUCN brought together more than 80 states and international
organizations along with nearly 800 NGOs, with about 10,000 experts
from the countries around the world inside its organization, which is
dedicated to conserve natural resources. Wikipedia defines
sustainability as a characteristic of a process or state that can be
maintained at a certain level indefinitely. The term, in its
environmental usage, would refer to the potential longevity of vital
human ecological support systems, such as the planet's climatic
system, systems of agriculture, industry, forestry, and fisheries,
and human communities in general and the various systems on which
they depend. The broad area of sustainable development was then
thereby, categorized into many major subsets and, among them,
Sustainable Mobility, is an important one. The common definition, as
per encyclopaedias, is that "sustainable transportation is about
meeting or helping meet the mobility needs of the present without
compromising the ability of future generations to meet these needs".
But colloquially, it is used to describe all forms of transport that
which minimizes emissions of carbon dioxide and other pollutants on
earth.

The Brundtland Commission, convened by the United Nations in 1983,
chaired by the former Prime Minister of Norway, Ms Gro Harlem
Brundtland, submitted its report which deals with sustainable
development and the change of politics needed for achieving that. The
definition of this term in the report was quite well known and often
cited as, "Sustainable development is development that meets the
needs of the present without compromising the ability of future
generations to meet their own needs."

The Directorate-General for Energy and Transport [DGTREN] of the
European Commission, operating since the year 2000, has launched a
programme which focuses mostly on the urban transport. Among their
many main measures, some of them focus on clean fuels and vehicles
such as biodiesel, CNG, and hybrid vehicles; intermodal passenger
transport; and Transport management. The development and environment
are both equally important as two sides of the same coin. Even if one
side is defaced, would only make the coin valueless. Jeffrey David
Sachs, an American economist, quoted that "There is an urgent need to
communicate with the public and help to explain where there is
consensus, and where are there doubts about the issues of sustainable
development." We must have the responsibility to guard the planet we
live and assure our children and grandchildren to have a healthy and
sustainable environment in which to live. Shouldn't we?

Full text of the Brundtland Report @ www.anped.org/media/brundtland-
pdf.pdf
More on sustainable transport @
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sustainable_transport

November 25, 2007 | 8:21 PM Comments  0 comments

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